Phantom elasticity:

*Material, ...
*Phantom elasticity
E, nu

This parameter is used to overlay the mechanical model with an additional linear elastic constitutive model. This can improve the numerical stability when using advanced constitutive models (e.g. hypoplasticity with intergranular strain) in regions of vanishing mean effective stress, but can be applied to all constitutive (mechanical) models of the numgeo library. This is especially true if these models are used in conjunction with "no separation" contact conditions. The *Phantom elasticity keyword takes the following parameter:

• \(E\): Young's modulus in F/A, e.g. kPa

• \(\nu\): Poissons ratio

The (elastic) stresses from this phantom elasticity can be requested for output using the following keyword PHANTOM-ELASTICITY. In Paraview these stresses are labeled Stress-El 11, ...